[[Arquivo:Eric Velhagen dothraki.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Dothraki encontra [[Daenerys Targaryen]], por [https://ericvelhagen.carbonmade.com/projects/6559361 Eric Velhagen] ©]][[File:Jedruszek Dothraki Outriders.jpg|350px300px|thumb|right|Companheiros Dothraki galopando com suas armas em punho - por Tomasz Jedruszek. © Fantasy Flight Games]][[File:MagaliVilleneuve khal drogoII.jpg|350px300px|thumb|right|Khal Drogo - Arte por Magali Villeneuve ©]]O povo Os '''Dothraki''' são pessoas um povo de uma cultura de guerreiros nômades em [[Essos]], com uma história conhecida de mais 400 anos, aparentemente pouco antes [[Aegon I Targaryen]] desembarcar em [[Westeros]] {{Ref|ADWD|8}}. Eles vieram do oriente, expulsando os camponeses de seus casebres e nobres de suas propriedades, até que sobrassem apenas grama e ruínas desde a [[Floresta de Qohor]] até a cabeceira do [[Selhoru]] {{Ref|aDwD|14}}. Os Dothraki são pessoas grandes, possuem o cabelo preto, a pele em tons de cobre e olhos amendoados escuros {{Ref|aGoT|3}}. Eles possuem uma única cidade permanente ([[Vaes Dothrak]]).
==História==
The ancestors of the Os antepassados do Dothraki came from the lands beyond the vieram das terras além das [[Bone MountainsMontanhas dos Ossos]] in the no [[Further EastMais a Leste]], leaving behind the bones that give the Bone Mountains their namedeixando para trás os ossos que deram nome as Montanhas dos Ossos.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Bones and Beyond104}}
The nomadic Os Dothraki do not have a tradition of settlementssão nômades, e não têm uma tradição de assentamento. To make a house a thousand years agoHá mil anos, para fazer uma casa , they dug a hole in the ground and covered it with a woven grass roofeles cavavam um buraco no chão e o cobriam com um teto de grama tecida.{{ref|AGOT|36}} Four hundred years ago or moreHá quatrocentos anos atrás ou mais, probably around the time of the provavelmente durante o tempo da [[Doom of ValyriaPerdição de Valíria]], the os Dothraki rode toward the cavalgaram para as [[Free CitiesCidades Livres]] out of the eastdo leste, sacking and burning every town and city in their path[[Século de Sangue|saqueando e queimando]] cada cidade e vilarejo em seu caminho, including the incluindo o [[Kingdom of Reino de Sarnor]], the as cidades de [[Qaathi]] cities in the no [[Red WasteDeserto Vermelho]],{{ref|TWOIAF| The Grasslands100}} and the Ibbenese settlements in the e as cidades dos Ibbeneses no [[Kingdom of the Reino de Ifequevron]].{{ref|TWOIAF| Ib102}} Khal [[Temmo]] and his e seu ''khalasar'' of at least de pelo menos 50,.000 were stopped by the homens foram derrotados pelos [[UnsulliedImaculados]] in the na [[Battle of Batalha de Qohor]].{{ref|ASOS|8}} During the Durante o [[Century of BloodSéculo de Sangue]] after the Doomdepois da Perdição, the os Dothraki drove smallfolk from their hovels and nobles from their estatesexpulsaram os camponeses de seus barracos e os nobres de suas propriedades, until only grass and ruins remained from the até que sobraram apenas a relva e as ruínas da [[forest of floresta de Qohor]] to the headwaters of the até os limites de [[Selhoru]].{{ref|ADWD|14}}
Ruined cities and regions ring the vast plains of the Cidades e regiões em ruínas cercam as vastas planícies do [[Mar Dothraki sea]], including the incluindo o [[Kingdom of Reino de Sarnor]], the o [[Kingdom of the Reino de Ifequevron]], the upper o alto de [[Skahazadhan]], and the e o [[red wasteDeserto Vermelho]].{{ref|TLOIAFTWOIAF|102}} The godsway in O caminho dos deuses em [[Vaes Dothrak]] contains monuments the possui monumentos dos povos que os Dothraki have taken from conquered peopleconquistaram.{{ref|AGOT|36}}
==Sociedade, Linguagem e Cultura==
The Os Dothraki rely greatly on their horses as these beasts are an intrinsic part of their nomadic societydependem muito de seus cavalos, pois esses animais são uma parte intrínseca de sua sociedade nômade. They use them for food, transportationEles os usam para alimentação, for clothingtransporte, and as a source of materials for craftspara roupas e como fonte de materiais para artesanato, and their deity is the e sua divindade é o [[horse godGrande Garanhão]], mirroring the importance of horses in espelhando a importância dos cavalos na cultura Dothraki culture.
The Os Dothraki are especially skilled in horse riding and mounted warfaresão especialmente habilidosos em equitação e guerra montada. They traverse the Eles cruam o Mar Dothraki Sea in tribes known as em tribos, conhecidas como ''[[khalasar]]s'' and are led by a que são lideradas pelo ''[[khal]]''. A Um ''khalasar'' is divided into é dividido em ''[[khas]]'', which are led by one of the khal's captainscada um liderado por um capitão dos khals, called os chamados''[[ko]]s''. When a Quando um ''khal'' diesmorre, a new um novo ''khal'' may take control of the pode tomar controle do ''khalasar'' or a ou um ''khas'' may break away and form new pode partir e formar novos ''khalasars'' led by their former liderados pelos antigos ''kos''.
Each Cada ''khal'' has tem seus [[bloodridercompanheiros de sangue]]s. Part guardianParte guardião, brother and companionparte irmão parte companheiro, the bloodriders guard and accompany the os companheiros de sangue seguram e fazem companhia ao ''khal'' in his daily routineem sua rotina diária. Ancient traditions proclaim that when a Antigas tradições ditavam que quando um ''khal'' diesmorre, his bloodriders die with himseus companheiros de sangue morrem com ele. Should the Se um ''khal'' die in battlemorresse em batalha, the bloodriders live only long enough to avenge him and then die shortly afterseus companheiros de sangue vivem apenas para vingá-lo, morrendo depois. Some Alguns ''khals'' are known to have shared not only their daily routines with their bloodriderssão conhecidos por terem compartilhado não só suas rotinas diárias com seus companheiros de sangue, but their wives as wellmas suas esposas também.{{Ref|aGoT|36}} HoweverEntretanto, horses are never shared among the ''os cavalos nunca são compartilhados entre o "khal'' and his bloodriders" e seus companheiros de sangue. The ''O "khal'' and his bloodriders commonly refer to each other as "blood of my bloode seus companheiros comumente se referem uns aos outros como "sangue do meu sangue".{{Ref|aGoT|36}}
''Khalasars'' have no fixed settlements and rely heavily on raiding neighboring nationsnão têm assentamentos fixos e dependem fortemente da invasão de nações vizinhas, and each othere uns dos outros, for subsistencepara subsistência. Although they disdain the exchange of currencyEmbora eles desdenham a troca de moeda, they do give and accept giftseles dão e aceitam presentes, often including slavesmuitas vezes incluindo escravos. Sometimes a strong ''Às vezes, um "khalasar'' may threaten to sack one of the " forte pode ameaçar saquear uma das [[Free CitiesCidades Livres]] or demand tributeou exigem tributo, but their favorite target for slaving are the docile mas seu alvo favorito para escravizar são os dóceis pastores de [[LhazareenLhazar]] herders. Os Dothraki can erect large grass canopies for special occasionspodem erguer grandes copas da grama para ocasiões especiais, but typically live in portable tentsmas vivem tipicamente em barracas móveis, always on the movesempre em movimento. The Os Dothraki have only one permanent citytêm apenas uma cidade permanente, called chamada [[Vaes Dothrak]], which serves as their que é usada como sua capital. While Enquanto ''khalasars'' are typically rivals on the plainssão rivais nas planícies, in em Vaes Dothrak all todos os Dothraki must behave as brothersvevem se comportar como irmãos. No one may spill blood or draw a blade in the cityNinguém pode derramar sangue ou puxar armas na cidade, on pain of deathsob pena de morte. The wives of As esposas de ''khals'', called chamadas ''[[khaleesi]]s'', live in se mudam para Vaes Dothrak once widowedassim que tornam-se viúvas. There they serve as seers as the Lá, elas tornam-se videntes dentro da comunidade das ''[[dosh khaleen]]''.
The Dothraki speak an Os dothraki usam sua própria [[Língua Dothraki language|eponymous languagelinguagem homônima]] of their own.{{Ref|aGoT|11}} All horselords affect a bowlegged swagger when forced to dismount and stride the earth like common mortalsTodos os senhores de cavalo que, com o tempo, são afetados pela síndrome da perna arqueada, são forçados e desmontar e andar pela terra como mortais comuns.
Costumam celebrar grandes eventos, como casamentos, por exemplo, em áreas descampadas, pois os dothrakis acreditavam que todas as coisas importantes na vida de um homem deviam ser feitas a céu aberto.{{ref|agot|11}}<!-- They are known as the São conhecidos como ''haesh raki'' to the pelo povo de [[LhazareenLhazar]].{{Ref|aGoT|61}} -->==Cultural, spiritual and social practices==
The ==Livros e relatos==*''[[horseFogo sobre a Relva]] is in the heart of the lives of Dothraki, who are sometimes dubbed the "'' - por [[horselordTerrio Erastes]]s" It is both que escreveu a deity, a mount, a power source for its meat and milk of mares, and an inspiration for all craft. The nomadic lifestyle, as well as many cultural taboos, are directly associated with the horse. They fear the sea, calling it the história sobre o tempo em que foi hóspede de ''[[Khal]]'' [[poison waterDhako]], because they distrust any liquid that a horse will not drink.{{Refref|aSoSTWOIAF|8102}} They are also very wary of sea travel because they cannot imagine crossing large distances without riding their horses.
Riding a horse is, for the Dothraki, a basic marker of social status. A ''khal'' who cannot ride is no ''khal''.{{Ref|aGoT|68}} Custom decrees that the ''khaleesi'' must ride a mount worthy of her place by the side of the ''khal''.{{Ref|aGoT|11}} A pregnant woman is expected to ride on horseback almost up to the moment of birth.{{Ref|aGoT|54}}
A cart is of less prestige and is used to transport eunuchs (who serve the ''dosh khaleen''{{Ref|aGoT|46}} as well as slaves who serve as healers with knife, needle and fire {{Ref|aGoT|61}}), cripples (those that are not left for the feral dogs{{Ref|aGoT|31}}), women in childbirth, the very young and the very old.{{Ref|aGoT|36}} It is by this concession that [[Viserys Targaryen]] becomes known as Khal Rhaggat, the Cart King.
A man who does not ride is no man at all, the lowest of the low, without honour or pride, most often a slave. Viserys's status as a walker for one day leaves him known as ''Khal Rhae Mhar'' (the sorefoot king).
When a Dothraki dies, his horse is sacrificed on the funeral pyre of his master. The Dothraki consume a diet almost exclusively of horse meat, to which they attribute many properties and consequently prefer to beef and pork.{{ref|agot|31}} They also have black sausages (similar to [[w:Kishka (food)|''kaszanka'']]), blood pies and sweetgrass stews.{{Ref|aGoT|11}} They drink a mildly alcoholic beverage derived from fermented mare's milk (similar to the Central Asian drink [[w:Kumis|''kumýs'']]).{{ref|agot|46}}
A pregnant Dothraki woman will participate in the [[Stallion heart|stallion heart]] ceremony, in which she will attempt to consume the heart of a stallion under the supervision of the ''[[dosh khaleen]]''. Due to the prohibition on bearing steel in [[Vaes Dothrak]], the mother must tear apart the stallion's heart with her bare teeth and fingernails. If she eats the entire heart, she will bear a son who is strong and swift and fearless; if she chokes on the blood or retches up the flesh, the omens are less favourable — the child might be stillborn, weak, deformed or female.
Dothraki have a contempt of cities, believing that anything of importance in a man's life must take place beneath the open sky.{{Ref|aGoT|11}} The Dothraki believe that the stars are horses made of fire and are a giant herd that gallops across the sky by night.{{Ref|aGoT|46}} However it is said by others that the Dothraki believe the stars are the spirits of valiant dead.{{Ref|aCoK|66}}
===Casamento e Rituais de Cama===
{{See also|Marriage}}
Weddings begin at dawn and end at dusk, an endless day of drinking and feasting and fighting. Women with veils of crimson and yellow and orange dance to drums at wedding feasts, and warriors may take them freely before the watching ''khalasar''. If two men take the same woman, they fight to the death. A Dothraki wedding without at least three deaths is seen as a dull affair. The bride receives three traditional gifts: whip, bow, and ''[[arakh]]''. She refuses them with traditional words, and the husband takes them. After bride gifts are given, and the sun has gone down, the marriage is consummated.
The Dothraki mate like animals in heat. There is no privacy in the ''khalasar'', and their sense of sin and shame is different from that of the [[Free Cities]] and the [[Seven Kingdoms]].{{Ref|aGoT|11}}
===Costume===
The Dothraki are a very superstitious group. Touching the corpse of a man you have not killed yourself is considered bad luck, as is the number thirteen.{{Ref|aDwD|17}} Witches, or ''[[maegi]]'', are reviled as evil and unnatural.
Riding in carts in a ''khalasar'' is reserved for eunuchs, cripples, women with child, the very young and the very old. To ride in a cart and not be a member of any of those groups is to be worthy of derision.{{Ref|aGoT|36}} ''Khalasars'' keep two sorts of healers. Barren women practice with herbs and potions and spells, and eunuch slaves use knife, needle, and fire. Dothraki leave deformed newborns behind them for feral dogs to eat.
The Dothraki may wear rich fabrics and perfumes in the [[Free Cities]], however among their own people men and women garb themselves in painted leather vests over bare chests, horsehair leggings cinched with belts of bronze medallions{{Ref|aGoT|11}} and open-toed riding sandals that lace up to the knees. They do not wear armor, considering it craven, so they often fight with no shirt on or with only vests. Dothraki women might wear robes of painted sandsilk.
The Dothraki’s proof of valor is their braided topknots. Whenever they lose a battle they must cut their braids as a sign of defeat. They mark victories by putting [[Bells (Dothraki)|tiny bells]] in their braids, often taking bells from the Dothraki they have slain. Thus, a warrior's topknot is a symbol of his prowess.{{Ref|aGoT|3}}
The Dothraki do not build. A thousand years before, to build a house they would dig a hole in the earth and raise a grass roof over it.{{ref|AGOT|36}}
Traders are free to cross the Dothraki sea unmolested to Vaes Dothrak as long as they keep the peace, do not profane either the [[Mother of Mountains]] or the [[Womb of the World]] and give the traditional gifts of salt, silver and seed to the ''dosh khaleen''.
===Exército===
The Dothraki are nomadic warriors; they ride better than any Westerosi knight. Light cavalry forms the backbone of their power, with warriors wielding curved cavalry swords called ''[[arakh]]''s, curved bows, and whips. They eschew armor, considering it cowardly, and typically wear painted vests and horsehair breeches.
While the ''khalasar'' is on the move, their scouts range far ahead, looking for prey or enemies. Outriders guard the flanks.{{Ref|aGoT|23}} After battles, the ''[[jaqqa rhan]]'' or mercy men move among corpses and use heavy axes to take the heads of the dead and dying alike, while small girls with baskets go about pulling arrows from bodies to be re-used later.
==Livros e Declarações Oficiais==
*''[[Fire Upon the Grass]]'' - by [[Terrio Erastes]] who wrote about his time as a guest of ''[[Khal]]'' [[Dhako]].<ref name=Ib>''[[The World of Ice and Fire]]'', Ib</ref>
== Inspiração ==
{{See alsoVeja também|Themes in A Song of Ice and FireTemas em As Crônicas de Gelo e Fogo}}
[[George R.R. Martin]] conta que os Dothraki foram inspirados em outras culturas com base em estepe e planícies. [[w:Mongóis|Mongóis]] and [[w:Hunos|e Hunos]], certamente, mas também[[w:Alanos|Alanos]], [[w:Sioux|Sioux]], [[w:Cheienes|Cheienes]], e várias outras tribos americanas... temperadas com uma boa dose de pura fantasia. A semelhança com os Árabes ou Turcos é coincidência, já que os Turcos Turks também foram originalmente cavaleiros dos estepes.<ref>So Spake Martin: [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/6040/ On Ethnicities], February 04, 2012</ref>
==FrasesCitações=={{Quote|I shall fear the Dothraki the day they teach their horses to run on water[[Jon Arryn]] diria que mesmo um milhão de dothrakis não são ameaça para o [[Sete Reinos|reino]] desde que fiquem do outro lado do [[Mar Estreito]]. Os bárbaros não têm navios. Odeiam e temem o mar aberto. (...) E, se por algum azar atravessar, nós o atiraremos de volta ao mar.{{Ref|AGOTAGoT|3312}}}} – |[[Eddard Stark]], to para [[Robert Baratheon]] .}}
{{Quote|Temerei os Dothraki no dia em que ensinarem os cavalos a correr sobre a água.{{Ref|AGOT|33}}|[[Eddard Stark]], para [[Robert Baratheon]].}}
{{Quote|The Os Dothraki follow only the strongseguem apenas os mais fortes.{{Ref|agot|68|p 758}}}} - |[[Jorah Mormont]], to para [[Daenerys Targaryen]].}}
{{Quote|Selvagens sem Deus.{{ref|ACOK|63}}|O dono do ''[[Barriga de Lorde Faro]]''.}}
{{Quote|Godless savagesOs dothraki eram sábios no que dizia respeito a cavalos, mas conseguiam ser completos tolos em quase tudo o resto.{{refRef|ACOKaDwD|632}}}} - The owner of the ''|pensamentos de [[Lord Faro's BellyDaenerys Targaryen]]''.}}
{{Quote|Os dothrakis não gostam de cidades, você saberá disso mesmo [[Westeros]].{{Ref|aDwD|5}}|[[Illyrio Mopatis]], para [[Tyrion Lannister]].}}
{{Quote|The Dothraki were wise where horses were concernedOs senhores dos cavalos vêm, but could be utter fools about much elsedamos presentes para eles, os senhores dos cavalos vão.{{Ref|aDwD|222}}}} - thoughts of |[[Qavo Nogarys]], para [[Daenerys TargaryenHaldon]].}}
==Ligações externas==
* [http://wiki.dothraki.org/dothraki/Main_Page Wiki dedicada à língua Dothraki].
==Referências=={{QuoteReferências|The Dothraki are not fond of towns, you will know this even in [[Westeros]].{{Ref|aDwD|5}}2}} - [[Illyrio Mopatis]], to [[Tyrion Lannister]]
{{Quote|The horselords come, we give them gifts, the horselords go.{{Ref|aDwD|22Criaturas}}}} - [[Qavo Nogarys]], to [[Haldon]]
==References and Notes==*See also [http://wiki.dothraki.org/dothraki/Main_Page the wiki dedicated to the Dothraki language]. {{references|2}}{{EnWP|Across the narrow sea|small=yes}}{{Template:Creatures}}[[Category:Cultures]][[CategoryCategoria:Dothraki culture| Culturas]][[esCategoria:Cultura Dothraki]][[fa:دوتراکی]][[fr:Dothrakis]][[ru:Дотракийцы]][[zhCategoria:多斯拉克人Hominídeos]] ==Referências e notas=={{references}}
[[Categoriaen:Cultura Dothraki]]